Nice feature in 10g - index creation or rebuild automatically calculates statistics for the index
SQL> create table T
2 as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
SQL> create index TX on T ( object_id );
Index created.
SQL> select distinct_keys
2 from user_indexes
3 where index_name = 'TX';
DISTINCT_KEYS
-------------
50613
SQL> analyze index TX delete statistics;
Index analyzed.
SQL> select distinct_keys
2 from user_indexes
3 where index_name = 'TX';
DISTINCT_KEYS
-------------
SQL> alter index TX rebuild;
Index altered.
SQL> select distinct_keys
2 from user_indexes
3 where index_name = 'TX';
DISTINCT_KEYS
-------------
50613